HPLC法测定苦参素注射液中氧化苦参碱的含量

目的：建立HPLC法测定苦参素注射液中氧化苦参碱的含量。方法：采用C8柱为固定相；乙腈：1％H3PO4(9：220)为流动相；检测波长220nm；柱温为室温。结果：线性范围0．0162～0.1293mg／ml。R=0．9990。此方法分离效果好，操作简便，快捷，重现性好，可作为质控方法。     

海洋微生物活性代谢产物的研究进展

研究海洋微生物活性物质 ,不但能发现结构新颖的化合物 ,而且能寻找到新的强效抗生素和抗病毒等活性的新药以及其它有用物质 ,这一新兴领域的研究在理论上和维护人类健康方面都有重大意义。本文综述了 2 0 0 0年以来对海洋微生物 (包括海洋细菌、蓝细菌、放线菌、真菌 )活性代谢产物的研究进展 ,共引用文献 6 9篇 ,包括 12 9个活性代谢产物。重点描述了这些化合物的相关生理活性 ,产生它们的微生物及微生物的采集地。     

高效液相色谱法测定苦参素分散片的含量

目的 建立高效液相色谱法测定苦参素分散片含量的方法。方法 以Phenomenex C₁₈柱为固定相;流动相0.02mol·L^-1磷酸二氢钠溶液(pH3.5)-甲醇(90∶10);流量1.0ml·min^-1;检测波长220nm。结果 氧化苦参碱与氧化槐果碱分离良好,氧化苦参碱在0.04～0.16mg·ml^-1浓度范围内呈良好的直线关系,平均回收率为99.4%,RSD为0.78%(n=9)。结论 该方法简便、灵敏、准确、重复性好,可用于该制剂的质量控制。     

Biomonitoring of ciguatoxin exposure in mice using blood collection cards.

Ciguatera is a human food poisoning caused by consumption of tropical and subtropical fish that have, through their diet, accumulated ciguatoxins in their tissues. This study used laboratory mice to investigate the potential to apply blood collection cards to biomonitor ciguatoxin exposure. Quantitation by the neuroblastoma cytotoxicity assay of Caribbean ciguatoxin (C-CTX-1) spiked into mice blood was made with good precision and recovery. The blood collected from mice exposed to a sublethal dose of Caribbean ciguatoxic extract (0.59 ng/g C-CTX-1 equivalents) was analyzed and found to contain detectable toxin levels at least 12 h post-exposure. Calculated concentration varied from 0.25 ng/ml at 30 min post-exposure to 0.12 ng/ml at 12 h. A dose response mice exposure revealed a linear dose-dependent increase of ciguatoxin activity in mice blood, with more polar ciguatoxin congeners contributing to 89% of the total toxicity. Finally, the toxin measurement in mice blood exposed to toxic extracts from the Indian Ocean or from the Pacific Ocean showed that the blood collection card method could be extended to each of the three known ciguatoxin families (C-CTX, I-CTX and P-CTX). The low matrix effect of extracted dried-blood samples (used at 1:10 or 1:20 dilution) and the high sensitivity of the neuroblastoma assay (limit of detection 0.006 ng/ml C-CTX-1), determined that the blood collection card method is suitable to monitor ciguatoxin at sublethal doses in mice and opens the potential to be a useful procedure for fish screening, environmental risk assessment or clinical diagnosis of ciguatera fish poisoning in humans or marine mammals.     

海洋抗癌活性物质最新研究概况

分类简要概述近年来源自海洋生物抗肿瘤药物的最新研究与开发,其中包括肽类、大环内酯类、生物碱类、萜类、多聚乙酰类、多烯醚类等。海洋抗癌活性物质在海洋天然产物研究中占据重要地位,大多具有新结构和新作用机制,其中许多化合物作为抗癌药物已进入临床前及临床研究阶段。     

高效液相色谱法测定苦参素分散片的含量

目的建立高效液相色谱法测定苦参素分散片含量的方法。方法以PhenomenexC18柱为固定相;流动相0.02mol·L-1磷酸二氢钠溶液(pH3.5)甲醇(90∶10);流量1.0ml·min-1;检测波长220nm。结果氧化苦参碱与氧化槐果碱分离良好,氧化苦参碱在0.04～0.16mg·ml-1浓度范围内呈良好的直线关系,平均回收率为99.4%,RSD为0.78%(n=9)。结论该方法简便、灵敏、准确、重复性好,可用于该制剂的质量控制。     

Study of an outbreak of ciguatera fish poisoning in Hong Kong.

Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) has been a significant and increasing public health problem in Hong Kong since 1980s. With growing demand for imported live coral fishes, the number of people who suffered from this disease has also been increasing. An outbreak of CFP in 2004 was the second most prominent in record as compared with the most significant one that occurred in 1998. In 2004, out of a total of 823 reported food poisoning outbreaks involving 3159 persons, 65 incidents (7.9%) affecting 247 people (7.8%) were attributed to CFP. Validated mouse bioassay analysis of surveillance samples revealed that seven samples (13%) were confirmed to be contaminated with ciguatoxins (CTXs). Typical symptoms of CTXs were found in mice injected with 20mg of fish extracts. The causative fishes included Cheilinus undulatus, Epinephelus coioides, Plectropomus areolatus, and Plectropomus leopardus. Most of these CTX-positive samples analyzed had only trace amounts of CTXs in their extract, except a C. undulatus sample which contained a mice lethal dose (2.5MU/20mg ether extract). This fish species was also the major origin of coral fish that caused clusters of CFP in the last quarter of 2004. Cigua-Check analysis of 20 flesh grains from seven CTX-positive fishes, previously confirmed as CTX-positive samples by mouse bioassay, showed that 50% of flesh grains were CTX contaminated.     

Toxicity and mAChRs binding activity of Cassiopea xamachana venom from Puerto Rican coasts.

A separation of toxic components from the upside down jellyfish Cassiopea xamachana (Cx) was carried out to study their cytotoxic effects and examine whether these effects are combined with a binding activity to cell membrane receptors. Nematocysts containing toxins were isolated from the autolysed tentacles, ruptured by sonication, and the crude venom (CxTX) was separated from the pellets by ultracentrifugation. For identifying its bioactive components, CxTX was fractionated by gel filtration chromatography into six fractions (named fraction I-VI). The toxicity of CxTX and fractions was tested on mice; however, the hemolytic activity was tested on saline washed human erythrocytes. The LD50 of CxTX was 0.75 microg/g of mouse body and for fraction III, IV and VI were 0.28, 0.25 and 0.12 microg/g, respectively. Fractions I, II and V were not lethal at doses equivalent to LD50 1 microg/g. The hemolytic and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activities of most fractions were well correlated with their mice toxicity. However, fraction VI, which contains the low molecular mass protein components (< or =10 kDa), has shown no PLA2 activity but highest toxicity to mice, highest hemolytic activity, and bound significantly to the acetylcholine muscarinic receptors (mAChRs) isolated from rat brain. The results suggested that fraction VI contains proteinaceous components contributing to most of cytolysis as well as membrane binding events. Meanwhile, fraction IV has shown high PLA2 that may contribute to the venom lethality and paralytic effects.     

Occurrence of saxitoxins as a major toxin in the ovary of a marine puffer Arothron firmamentum.

Eleven male and 14 female specimens of a marine puffer Arothron firmamentum were collected from Oita and Iwate Prefectures, Japan. The toxicity assay using mouse showed that only ovary and skin of the female specimens were toxic, the toxicity scores being 5-740 as paralytic shellfish poison and <5-30 MU/g as tetrodotoxin (TTX), respectively. The toxin extracts from the both tissues were then treated with cartridge columns, and subjected to high performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectral analyses. In the analyses, saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoylSTX (dcSTX) were identified as the major toxins in the ovary, while the skin contained only TTX.     

海洋微生物抗肿瘤活性物质的研究进展

海洋微生物因其特殊的生存环境而具有产生新型生物活性物质的巨大潜力,从海洋微生物中寻找和开发抗肿瘤药物是一个前途广阔的新领域.近年来,从海洋微生物(海洋放线菌、真菌和细菌)分离鉴定了许多结构新颖的抗肿瘤活性物质,这些化合物显示了良好的抗肿瘤生物活性.本文就近几年从海洋微生物中分离得到的抗肿瘤活性物质的研究进展作了综述.